[Evaluation of the efficiency of the method of biological feedback in complex therapy of patients with hypertonus of the chewing muscles]. / Metod biologicheskoi obratnoi svyazi v kompleksnoi terapii patsientov s gipertonusom zhevatel'nykh myshts.

The aim the study. Evaluate the effectiveness of biofeedback therapy in the complex rehabilitation of masticatory muscle hypertonicity in patients with a high level of anxiety. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 40 patients aged 20 to 32 years with complaints of fatigue and discomfort in the area of chewing muscles, teeth compression during the day, nocturnal bruxism, crowding of teeth. Two groups were formed: the study group, whose patients underwent splint therapy in combination with biofeedback therapy trainings; in the control group, patients received treatment with splint therapy without the use of biofeedback therapy. Electromyography of the masticatory muscles at rest and during compression were used to diagnose hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles. To assess the psycho-emotional state, a medical and social questionnaire was conducted using questionnaires: «Health Questionnaire¼, Beck Depression Inventory, Spielberger-Khanin Anxiety Scale, SF-16 Quality of Life Scale. RESULTS: A decrease in the level of depression, anxiety was revealed with the stabilization of emotional sensitivity in relation to other people, emotional involvement in everyday life, and an increase in the quality of life. When comparing electromyographic data at rest and during clenching of teeth in patients of the study group the indicators were lower than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of biofeedback therapy at the stages of orthodontic treatment using splint therapy was established in the form of a decrease in the activity of masticatory muscles in patients of the study group. In the control group, the index of masticatory muscle activity decreased to a lesser extent. Biofeedback methods have shown a high level of effectiveness in reducing the symptoms of anxiety and depression, improving the quality of life.

[The impact of masticatory muscles hypertonicity on the bite formation]. / Vliyanie gipertonusa zhevatel'noi muskulatury na formirovanie okklyuzii.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to assess the impact of masticatory muscles hypertonicity on the bite formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 60 patients aged 7-14 years. Group 1 consisted of 20 individuals with Angle class 1 occlusion without masticatory muscle hypertonicity. Group 2 comprised 20 patients with class II malocclusion with hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles, group 3 - 20 patients class II malocclusion and no hypertonic masticatory muscles. All patients were examined according to common diagnostic protocol that included electromyography of the temporal and masticatory muscles at rest and in dynamics). RESULTS: In group 1 the mean IMPACT at rest was 242.8±133.6 µV, IMPACT during contraction was 880.50±201.5 µV; in group 2 - 797.9±413.0 and 1561.23±568.0 µV; in group 3 - 236.7±93.5 and 955.60±295.5 µV, correspondingly. The ratio of the activity of the temporal muscles to the masticatory muscles with neutral occlusion at rest correlates as 1:09, with compression 1:1. In patients with distal occlusion and the presence of hypertonicity at rest, the temporal muscles correspond to the chewing proper as 1:0.8, and with compression 1:09. CONCLUSION: The estimated ratio can contribute to the retroposition of the mandible, as well as inhibition of the growth of the mandible in the sagittal direction.